Has unique characteristics in terms of geological and climate on the flora and fauna communities, namely the bird, and its own human activities. With an extension of about 122 km and an area of 86,500 ha .
Fauna: The region Escalhão is very rich in species as hunting partridge, doves, rabbits and hares, who populate the fields in this region together with the fox, wolf, vulture and others like the eagle animals protected by the Parque Regional Douro.
The stork also part of the fauna of the region, as it a very special tradition in the town.
Flora: The floors in the largely composed of granite and schist. As the climate is very hot and very rainy summer can, cause it an obstacle to the development of agriculture. With great effort and courage, farmers are able to produce the necessary for their personal consumption.
The high production of barley, rye and wheat, are that the region is the largest producer in the northern countries.
